The tibiofemoral joint, commonly known as the knee joint, is a modified hinge joint that primarily allows flexion and extension, with a small degree of rotation near full extension. It is stabilized by key ligaments—the ACL, PCL, MCL, and LCL—which help control movement and maintain joint integrity.

The knee also contains two crescent-shaped structures called the menisci, which act as shock absorbers and help distribute load across the joint. Additional support comes from the quadriceps and patellar tendons, which play a crucial role in force transmission and movement.